TYPE OF FARMING SYSTEM

On the basis of similarity, in crop production and live stock raising we have many types of farming. The type of farming refer to the nature and degree of product or combination of product being produced at the method at practices used for them.

Specialized farming:- when a farm is organized for the production of a single commodity and this commodity is the only source. The major enterprise contributes more than 50% of total farm income. for example: sugarcane farm, cotton farm, dairy farm , feed farm etc.                      

Advantages:-

• Better use of land.
• Better marketing.
• Better management.
• Improved skilled and efficiency.

Disadvantages:-

• Greater risk.
• soil fertility cannot be maintain.
• Income is received once or twice in a year.
• knowledge about enterprise is limited.

Diversified farming:- when a farm is organised in produce several products each of which is it self a direct source of income of the farm business is said to be a diversified. In diversified farming no single enterprise contribute 50% of the farm income.

Advantages:-

• Better utilization of productive resources.
• Reduction or risk.
• Regular and quicker return.

Disadvantages:- 

• Supervision will become difficult.
• Marketing problem.
• Not economical to maintain costly machinery.

Mixed farming:- It is the type of farming under which crop production is combined with live stock raising at least 10% of gross income must be contributed in any case should not exceed 49%.

Advantages:-

• Maintenance of sol fertility.
• Crop produce of by product.
• High income.

Ranching:- The practice of grazing animal on public land is called ranching. Ranch land is not used for raising of crops. Ranching is followed in america, Australia etc.

Dry farming:- Cultivation of crop in region with annual rainfall less than 750 mm. Crop failure is most common due to prolonged dry spell during crop period.

Dry land farming:- Rainfall more than 750 mm . Moisture conservation practices are necessary.

Rainfed farming:- Cultivation of crop under area where annual Rainfall is more than 1150 mm.