Classification of crops
1) Monocotyledonous:-
a. Family alliaceae - onion, garlic etc
b. Family liliaceae - asparagus
c. Family musaceae – banana
d. Family discoreaceae – yam
e. Family bromeliaceae - pineapple
f. Family araceae – coconut, arecanut,
oilpalm, date palm, arbi, elephant foot yam.
2) Dicotyledonous:-
a. Family anacardiaceae – mango,
cashewnut
b. Family apocynaceae – karonda
c. Family annonaceae – custard apple
d. Family arecaceae – datepalm
e. Family caricaceae – papaya
f. Family leguminoceae – tamarind
g. Family euphobiaceae – aonla
h. Family juglandaceae – walnut
i. Family myrtaceae – guava, jamun
j. Family moraceae – jack fruit, fig.
k. Family punicaceae – pomegranate
l. Family rhamnaceae – ber
m. Family rosaceae – apple, loquat,
pear, peach, plum, apricot, strawberry.
n. Family rutaceae – citrus spp., beal,
woof apple.
o. Family sapindaceae – litchi
p. Family sapotaaceae – sapota, khirni.
q. Family tiliaceae – phalsa
r. Family vitaaceae – grape
Vegetable crops:-
a. Family solanaceae - brinjal, tomato, chilly, potato etc.
b. Family cruciferae – cabbage,
cauliflower, knol-khol, turnip, radish, mustard etc
c. Family leguminoceae – pea, beans,
French bean, lobia etc.
d. Family cucurbitaceae – pumpkin,
bittergourd and all gourds, melons, cucumber etc.
e. Family chenopodiaceae – sugerbeet,
spinach and palak etc
f. Family malvaceae – okra
g. Family umbelliferae – carrot,
parsley, celery, parsnip etc.
h. Family euphorbiaceae – tapioca
According to season:-
a. Cold season – cauliflower, pea,
onion, garlic, palak, brinjal, potato, cabbage etc
b. Summer season – watermelon, bittergaurd,
okra, muskmelon etc.
c. Rainy season – chilli, bittergaurd,
okra, brinjal etc.
According to
climate:-
a. Tropical – needs hot and humid
climate for flowering and fruiting e.g mango, banana, papaya, sapota,
pineapple, jackfruit, guava, coconut, cashew etc.
b. Sub- tropical – needs hot and dry
climate for growth e.g. fig, citrus spp., pomegranate, bael, ber, litchi,
jamun, avocado, grape, fig, phalsa, vegetables etc.
c. Temperate – needs cold climate with
high humidity e.g. apple, pear, peach, plum, almond, walnut, apricot, cherry,
strawberry, walnut etc.
According to
structure:-
a. Herbs – very leafy, strawberry, banana,
pineapple.
b. Under shrubs – tomato, begetables
etc.
c. Shrubs – 10-14 fet height, eg. Lichi,
lemon, orange, pomegranate, karonda etc.
d. Trees – mango, coconut.
According to parts
used as food:-
a. Fruit – mango, jamun, papaya, guava,
tomato, brinjal, okra, cucurbits etc.
b. Tuber – potato, sugarbeet, ginger,
onion, garlic etc.
c. Leafy – palak, spinach, lal bhaji,
partulaca, lettuce amaranthus, mustard etc.
d. Flower – cauliflower, broccoli.
e. Root – turnip, radish, yam, sweet
potato, colocasia, tapioca, carrot, turnip.
f. Seeds – pea, beans, French bean etc.
g. Stem – potato, asparagus etc.
h. Bulbs – onion, garlic.
According to types of dichogamy:-
a. Protoandry – sapota, walnut, coconut.
b. Protogyny – banana, pomegranate, fig,
plum etc
According to rate of respiration:-
a. Climacteric fruits – fruits
experiencing sudden increase in the rate of respiration at the time of
ripening. Eg. Mango, banana, guava, apple, fig, tomato etc.
b. Non – climacteric fruits – fruits
experiencing simple gradual decline in the rate at the time of ripening. eg.
Litchi, lemon, citrus spp., grape, ber, pineapple, jamun, cashew etc.
According to origin:-
a. China – litchi, peach, mandarin,
sweet orange, mulberry, apricot etc.
b. India – bael, jackfruit, kagzilime,
phalsa etc.
c. Brazil – pineapple, cashewnut etc.
d. Mexico – papaya, sapota, custer
apple.
e. Peru – guava.
f. South east asia – banana, coconut,
lemon etc.
g. Iraq – fig, datepalm.
h. Europe – pear
i. Asia minor – apple
j. Afghanistan – almond.
k. Indo-china – aonla, walnut.
l. Indo-burma – mango.
m. Japan – plum
No comments:
Post a Comment