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Monday 2 July 2018

Classification of crops


         
 1)   Monocotyledonous:-
a.    Family alliaceae ­-  onion, garlic etc
b.    Family liliaceae   - asparagus
c.     Family musaceae - banana
d.    Family discoreaceae -yam
e.    Family bromeliaceae - pineapple
f.      Family araceae - coconut, arecanut, oilpalm, date palm, arbi, elephant foot yam.
                            
                                 2)   Dicotyledonous:-
a.    Family anacardiaceae – mango, cashewnut
b.    Family apocynaceae – karonda
c.     Family annonaceae – custard apple
d.    Family arecaceae – datepalm
e.    Family caricaceae – papaya
f.      Family leguminoceae – tamarind
g.    Family euphobiaceae – aonla
h.    Family juglandaceae – walnut
i.       Family myrtaceae – guava, jamun
j.       Family moraceae – jack fruit, fig.
k.    Family punicaceae – pomegranate
l.       Family rhamnaceae – ber
m. Family rosaceae – apple, loquat, pear, peach, plum, apricot, strawberry.
n.    Family rutaceae – citrus spp., beal, woof apple.
o.    Family sapindaceae – litchi
p.    Family sapotaaceae – sapota, khirni.
q.    Family tiliaceae – phalsa
r.      Family vitaaceae – grape
                            Vegetable crops:-
a.     Family solanaceae  - brinjal, tomato, chilly, potato etc.
b.    Family cruciferae – cabbage, cauliflower, knol-khol, turnip, radish, mustard etc
c.     Family leguminoceae – pea, beans, French bean, lobia etc.
d.    Family cucurbitaceae – pumpkin, bittergourd and all gourds, melons, cucumber etc.
e.     Family chenopodiaceae – sugerbeet, spinach and palak etc
f.       Family malvaceae – okra
g.     Family umbelliferae – carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip etc.
h.    Family euphorbiaceae – tapioca
                            According to season:-
a.     Cold season – cauliflower, pea, onion, garlic, palak, brinjal, potato, cabbage etc
b.    Summer season – watermelon, bittergaurd, okra, muskmelon etc.
c.     Rainy season – chilli, bittergaurd, okra, brinjal etc.
                          According to climate­:-
a.     Tropical – needs hot and humid climate for flowering and fruiting e.g mango, banana, papaya, sapota, pineapple, jackfruit, guava, coconut, cashew etc.
b.    Sub- tropical – needs hot and dry climate for frowth e.g. fig, citrus spp., pomegranate, bael, ber, litchi, jamun, avocado, grape, fig, phalsa, vegetables etc.
c.     Temperate – needs cold climate with high humidity e.g. apple, pear, peach, plum, almond, walnut, apricot, cherry, strawberry, walnut etc.
                     According to structure:-
a.      Herbs – very leafy, strawberry, banana, pineapple.
b.    Under shrubs – tomato, begetables etc.
c.     Shrubs – 10-14 fet height, eg. Lichi, lemon, orange, pomegranate, karonda etc.
d.    Trees – mango, coconut.
                 According to parts used as food:-
a.     Fruit – mango, jamun, papaya, guava, tomato, brinjal, okra, cucurbits etc.
b.    Tuber – potato, sugarbeet, ginger, onion, garlic etc.
c.     Leafy – palak, spinach, lal bhaji, partulaca, lettuce amaranthus, mustard etc.
d.    Flower – cauliflower, broccoli.
e.     Root – turnip, radish, yam, sweet potato, colocasia, tapioca, carrot, turnip.
f.       Seeds – pea, beans, French bean etc.
g.     Stem – potato, asparagus etc.
h.    Bulbs – onion, garlic.
             According  to types of dichogamy:-
a.     Protoandry – sapota, walnut, coconut.
b.    Protogyny – banana, pomegranate, fig, plum etc
                 According to rate of respiration:-
a.     Climacteric fruits – fruits experiencing sudden increase in the rate of respiration at the time of ripening. Eg. Mango, banana, guava, apple, fig, tomato etc.
b.    Non – climacteric fruits – fruits experiencing simple gradual decline in the rate at the time of ripening . eg. Litchi, lemon, citrus spp, grape, ber, pineapple, jamun, cashew etc.
                   According to origin:-
a.     China – litchi, peach, mandarin, sweet orange, mulberry, apricot etc.
b.    India – bael, jackfruit, kagzilime, phalsa etc.
c.     Brazil – pineapple, cashewnut etc.
d.    Mexico – papaya, sapota, custer apple.
e.     Peru – guava.
f.       South east asia – banana, coconut, lemon etc.
g.     Iraq – fig, datepalm.
h.    Europe – pear
i.       Asia minor – apple
j.       Afghanistan – almond.
k.     Indo-china – aonla, walnut.
l.       Indo-burma – mango.
m. Japan – plum


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